Monday, March 3, 2008 

Isometrics, Steriods, Alexander Zass And Charles Atlas's Dynamic Tension- Effective or Just a Hoax??

Did you know that you could build muscle and become stronger without weight training?

Its true.

Its called isometric training and it increases muscle mass, giving you that great-looking body you always wanted. And best of all, you can get fit without going to the gym or buying all that expensive home exercise equipment.

Isometric exercises involve muscular contractions performed against fixed resistance. The System gained scientific acceptance in 1953 when a couple of German researchers named Dr. Theodore Hettinger and Dr. Eric A. Muller published a study showing people who did isometric exercises obtained dramatic results by causing their muscles to tense for no more than 10 seconds at a time.

This muscle tension became popular in America when a young man from southern Italy, Angelo Sicilano, teamed up with marketing genius Harold Roman to produce an advertisement in comic books.

It showed how a 97-pound weakling became a real he-man and punched out the bully who had kicked sand in his face. This ad launched the mail order bodybuilding program called Dynamic Tension. Young Angelo went on to win the title The Worlds Most Perfectly Developed Man.

He changed his name to Charles Atlas, put on a pair of leopard skin shorts, and the rest is history.

Probably the only man Atlas could not help was Mahatma Gandhi. When the great spiritual leader of India wrote a letter to Atlas asking for help, Atlas devised a diet and recommended a series of exercises to help restore Gandhis weakened condition. I felt mighty sorry for him, Atlas said. He was nothing but a bag of bones.

A few years before Atlas started flexing his muscles, another strongman used isometrics to build and maintain his strength. Like Atlas, Alexander Zassbetter known as The Amazing Samsonoffered his training through a mail order course. Zass was born in Vilna, Poland in 1888, but lived most of his early years in Russia and after 1924 in Britain.

He developed a great belief in the application of isometrics and maximum tension for the development of strength. He believed such an approach was superior to the normal use of weights in developing strength.

I aimed, first, to develop the underlying connective tissues rather than the superficial Muscles, he wrote in his instruction manual, Samsons System and Methods. I developed tendon Strength. Without tendons, one would possess no control over the body, he continued. They and their development are the secret to my strength. Muscles alone wont hold wild horses back. Tendons will, and do.

Sampson, so-called The Worlds Strongest Living Man, said muscles were an illusion when it came to strength, but he did encourage his students to develop them because well-defined muscles furnish Quite a respectable physical appearance. Sampson said beginners should practice tensing their muscles one at a time then grouping the muscles together, tensing as many as possible at one time.

He outlined three methods of isometric tension: freestyle, using no appliances; wall exercises for resistance training; and weight exercises in which the student held the weight in a rigid position instead of using curls or presses, the typical pumping iron method of weight training.

Most isometrics instructors agree not to exceed 10 seconds on each muscle contraction. That is perhaps the greatest appeal to isometricsa person can enhance muscle mass and strength with only a few simple repetitions in a limited time without heavy exertion.

In the 1960s, gym ratsnot wanting to publicly admit their use of steroidsattributed their sudden remarkable gains in strength and muscle mass to the use of isometrics. This association, however false, between the system and the abuse of steroids created a panic among the health conscious, resulting in the American public shunning the use of isometrics.

But the system flourished in Europe, especially in physical rehabilitation programs among the aged. Seeing such positive results in Europes medical use of isometrics, patients in the United States also turned to the healing aspects of the system.

Scoliosis is just one of the afflictions being tackled by the medical use of isometrics. The Anti- Scoliosis Treatment Method is a Russian approach that consists of isometric and stretching exercises, vibration, spinal manipulation and electrical muscle stimulation.

Travelers thrombosis is another ailment that isometric exercises can help prevent. Brought on by pressure on the upper thighs caused by prolonged sitting and low mobility in narrow seats on long airplane rides, this ailment is a greater problem than jet lag or airline cuisine.

The low air humidity onboard passenger aircraft can favor the formation of blood clots in cases where passengers may be lacking fluids. Studies by Medsafe, a business unit of New Zealands Ministry of Health, indicate the use of isometric exercises helps relieve this condition.

Not only can isometrics help the weary worldwide wanderer, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is out of this world when it comes to recognizing the benefits isometrics offer in the close confinements of a space capsule.

On long space journeys in prolonged weightlessness, astronauts suffer crippling muscle and bone loss. Future space trips will be longer, say three years for example, when astronauts eventually explore Mars. Longer durations in space mean increased muscle and bone losses.

Researchers at NASAs Johnson Space Center recommend a variety of preflight fitness plans, training space travelers for in-flight use of the exercise equipment onboard the International Space Station, and monitoring their health after their return to Earth.

Muscle and bone loss in space create an entire realm of biological concerns for astronauts, said William J. Kraemer, director of the Human Performance Laboratory at Ball State in Muncie, Indiana. Our challenge is to find countermeasure programs which allow the body to maintain proper structure and function.

Strength training for astronauts involves two types of resistance exercises: high-intensity isotonics, which shorten and lengthen muscles (for example, lifting and lowering a dumbbell), and isometrics, which fully contract muscles without movement (such as pushing against a doorway).

While both types of exercises could potentially reduce muscle atrophy in microgravity, research suggests isometrics may be more successful than isotonics in protecting slow-twitch fibers, according mto a February 2004 report in NASAs Biological andPhysical Research Enterprise newsletter.

For the homebody, massive muscle and bone loss may not be as much a problem as those extra calories packed on while watching football or soccer on the television. It might be good advice to roll yourself out of that easy chair and spend 10 secondsat a time doing isometric exercisesat least during the commercial breaks.

The only drawback to "free hand" Isometrics (without the use of any equipment) is that there is no way to measure your strength gains and you are limited in the number of exercises.

But, there is now a way to increase there effectiveness by up to 1000%.

With the advent of new "hybrid" exercise equipment such as the Bully Xtreme home gym you can now maximize your muscle building results while being able to do more exercises up to 82 different movements. While utilizing the powerful technique of isometrics.

For more information and a free report check out...

http://www.BullyXtreme.net/

Frank Sherrill, is a former U.S. Army Ranger and Martial Arts expert. After surviving a horrific weight training accident, he spent years researching and finally discovering an exercise program and home gym that was as effective as free weights but, without all the RISK.

 

Celestial Phenomena for 2006: Solar and Lunar Eclipses

During the course of 2006, a number of celestial phenomena such as solar and lunar eclipses, meteor showers and planets, among others, will be visible, most with the naked eye. In part 1 of this series, equinoxes and solstices were discussed. Depending on where you live, you can mark your calendar and plan on taking advantage of some of these other visible celestial phenomena, local weather conditions permitting. In this article, part 2 of a three-part series, upcoming full or partial lunar and solar eclipses in 2006 will be discussed.

Full or Partial Solar and Lunar Eclipses

Solar Eclipse

During a solar eclipse, the moon moves between the sun and the earth. The light from the outer part of the suns atmosphere, called the corona, becomes visible during a total solar eclipse. The maximum duration of a total solar eclipse is about seven and a half minutes, but these are rare.

A total eclipse of the sun will occur on March 29, 2006 that should be visible in Asia and Africa.

On September 22, 2006, a partial eclipse of the sun will occur that should be visible from the northern coast of South America and the Atlantic Ocean.

Many solar phenomena can only be studied during a total eclipse of the sun. Among these are the elements of the suns corona and the bending of light rays passing close to the sun because of the suns gravitational field. The great brilliance of the solar disk and the suns brightening of the earths atmosphere make observations of the corona and nearby stars impossible except during a solar eclipse. The coronagraph, a specially constructed photographic telescope, does allow direct observation of the edge of the solar disk and corona. Scientific observations of a solar eclipse are extremely valuable, especially when the eclipse path travels across large areas of land permitting a number of observation points along with extended observation time. These observations may provide information on how minute variations in the sun affect earths weather, and how predictions of solar flares can be improved.

Solar Flares

Solar flares are another phenomena that are much more highly visible during a solar eclipse. Phenomena that accompany flares are rearrangements of the disruptions in the earths magnetic field, intense bombardments of X-radiation and radio waves, and the ejection of high energy particles that can reach earth, disrupting radio communications and causing displays similar to the Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis.

The GRO

The Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, a satellite spacecraft that weighs almost 16 metric tons, as much as a fully loaded 18-wheel semi-tractor trailer, was deployed by the space shuttle Atlantis on April 7, 1991. GRO also has its own propulsion system. It studies Gamma rays emitted by the sun and Black holes and can gather especially valuable data during a total solar eclipse. GRO dropped into the earths atmosphere and burned up on June 4, 2000.You can see what it saw during its nine years of operation and can keep up with other heavenly happenings, astronomy news and events at these websites:

http://hubblesite.org/

http://adswww.harvard.edu/

http://www.nasa.gov/home/index.html

http://cossc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/cgro/index.html

http://www.spacetoday.org/DeepSpace/Telescopes/GreatObservatories/Compton/Compton.html

Lunar Eclipse

Lit up by the sun, the earth casts a long, conical shadow (called the Umbra) into space. A Total Lunar Eclipse occurs when the moon passes completely into the shadow of the Earth. If the moon moves directly through the center of the Earths shadow, the moon is obscured for about 2 hours. A partial lunar eclipse occurs when only a part of the moon enters the umbra and is obscured. A partial eclipse can range from near total, when most of the moon is obscured, to a minor eclipse, when only a small portion of the earths shadow is seen passing across the moon. The earths circular shadow passing across the face of the moon was the first indication of the shape of the earth in ancient times.

So be sure to mark your calendar for those upcoming celestial phenomena which might possibly be visible in your area this year. The part 3 article, the final part of this series, will be concerned with the planets and planetary phenomena. Until then, keep looking to the skies.

Larry M. Lynch is a writer and photographer specializing in business, travel, food and education-related writing in South America. His work has appeared in Transitions Abroad, South American Explorer, Escape From America, Mexico News and Brazil magazines in print and online. He travels researching articles throughout Latin America and teaches at a university in Cali, Colombia. To read more, express a comment or get original, exclusive articles and content for your newsletter, blog or website, contact the author at: lynchlarrym@gmail.com



 

Does a Non-Profit 501(c)(3) Realize Unrelated Business Taxable Income (UBTI) For Advertising?

Non-profit organizations which are exempt from income tax under 501(a) are subject to tax on unrelated business income. 501(b), 511. Unrelated business income is gross income derived by any organization from any unrelated trade or business, regularly carried on by it, less the deductions allowed. 512. An unrelated trade or business is a trade or business which is not substantially related (aside from the need of such organization for income or funds) to the purpose of the organization. 513. However, unrelated trade or business does not include a trade or business where substantially all the work is performed for the organization without compensation. 513(a)(1). See Rev. Rul. 75-201, 1975-1 CB 164.

The sale of advertising in a publication published by an exempt organization is an unrelated trade or business when the advertising activity is regularly carried on. Reg. 1.512(a)-1(f)(1). See also Rev. Rul. 73-424, 1973-2 CB 190.

Courts have held advertising revenue not to constitute unrelated business income in some circumstances. For example, in National Collegiate Athletic Assn. V. Comm., (1990, CA10) 66 AFTR 2d 90-5602, 914 F.2d 1417, 90-2USTC 50513, revg (1989) 92 TC 456, advertising revenue received by the NCAA from the sale of programs of its annually sponsored championship tournament was not unrelated business income where the tournament lasted less than three weeks and occurred only once a year.

IRS Chief Counsel strongly disagrees with the Tenth circuit. The IRS argues the state court should have taken into account the time spent soliciting the advertisements and preparing the advertising for publication. IRS announced it will continue to litigate the issue in appropriate cases. Action on Decision 1991-015, 7/3/91.

IRS distinguished NCAA where a state university received income from advertising placed in its football souvenir programs. Here, a significant time span was involved over which the activities were conducted. The football season lasted three months and the work in setting up the programs and soliciting adverting took even longer. IRS letter ruling 9137002.

Assuming that the journal is published periodically throughout the year, an exempt organization should not rely on National Collegiate Athletic Assn. The periodic publishing and on going solicitation efforts will likely constitute a unrelated business regularly carried on. See 512.

The court also held advertising revenue does not constitute unrelated business income in US v. American College of Physicians, (1986 S.Ct). In American College of Physicians, the court found that the advertising business contributes importantly to the universitys education program through the training of students.

Also, advertising revenue does not constitute unrelated business income if the advertising contributes to the organizations purpose. For example, publication of legal notices in a bar association journal contributes to the associations exempt purposes by promoting the common interest of the legal profession through providing a single source of information regarding legal events in the county and therefore, wouldnt result in unrelated business income. Rev. Rul. 82-139, 1982-2 CB 108. However, advertising revenue received by a bar association for ads place in its attorney directory are taxable income since the advertising is commercial in nature and represents an effort on the part of advertisers to maximize sales to a certain segment of the public. IRS Letter Ruling 9148054.

Similarly, magazine advertising revenues received by an exempt trucking association did not contribute to the associations exempt purposes where the advertising represented marketing efforts by the advertisers to sell their product. In this case, no systematic effort was made by the organization to advertise products related to the editorial content and no effort was made by the organization to limit advertisements to new products. Florida Trucking Assn Inc. (1986) 87 TC 1039.

It is clear that, with a few exceptions, advertising revenues received by a 501(c)(3) exempt organization will often generate unrelated business taxable income (UBTI).

Tax accountant John Huddleston has a law degree and masters in tax law from the University of Washington School of Law. He has been a guest tax expert on the radio. He advises small businesses in the Seattle Bellevue Kent Everett area on various tax issues. His firm, Huddleston tax accountants, also provides tax preparation service, quickbooks consulting and general accounting and bookkeeping service. Seattle Bellevue tax accountant John Huddleston is a frequent publisher of tax saving ideas.